Effects of Corn Intercropping with Soybean/Peanut/Millet on the Biomass and Yield of Corn under Fertilizer Reduction

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the key grain crops in China. In fields, two soybean (Glycine max and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), which have nitrogen-fixing capacity (NFC), are generally used to intercrop with corn improve plant physiology production ability even under fertilizer reduction. To explore a more scientific reasonable way corn, simultaneously reduce use chemical fertilizers pesticides, impacts intercropping NFC (including peanut) non-NFC crop (i.e., millet (Setaria italica)) through five planting patterns, including three patterns (2 rows 2, 3, 4 NFC-crop or 4, 6 rows) sole soybean, peanut, normal (600 kg/ha) reduced (375 levels NPK (N:P2O5:K2O = 15:15:15) fertilization on activity N-metabolism-related enzymes rhizosphere soil leaves, biomass yield were researched this study. The results showed that reduction significantly decreased corn. type pattern both had significant effects activities enzyme alkaline protease (S-ALPT), glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT), glutamate synthetase (GS), nitrate reductase (NR) leaves plants. 2 improved corn-soybean was most beneficial increase total nitrogen content leaves. addition, increased microbial diversity fertilizer. Furthermore, crop. Therefore, it concluded for systems, best worst companion were, respectively, millet.